The Raeburn Shield—also known as the Lineal World Title—is a mythical rugby trophy that traces its origins back to the very first international test match between Scotland and England in 1871. Whoever wins that match, or any subsequent challenge, becomes the holder of the title, keeping it until another team defeats them.

 

The concept was created by New Zealander David Algie, who designed it so that any team in the world can claim the shield, provided they face—and beat—the current holder. This means a nation can be Rugby World Cup champions without necessarily holding the Raeburn Shield at the same time.

 

Since 1871, 711 matches have been contested for the shield, with the title changing hands 220 times. Only 12 nations have ever held the Raeburn Shield, while 10 others have had an opportunity to claim it but were unable to convert. Below is the full list of holders from 1871 through 14 March 2026.